Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI)--1994-present
(FG / 12.10.2000: Kafkas, Caucas, Çerkes, Circass, Adıge, Adyghe, Çeçen, Chechen)

1.
Russia and Chechnia. The permanent crisis. Essays on Russo-Chechen relations.
by Fowkes, B [Anon]
JOURNAL OF PEACE RESEARCH, 37: (3) 407-408 MAY 2000
Document type: Book Review Language: English Cited References: 1 Times Cited: 0
Publisher: SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, LONDON IDS Number: 315ER ISSN: 0022-3433

2.
Arc of crisis, Sagramoso D
WORLD TODAY, 56: (4) 9-11 APR 2000
Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 0 Times Cited: 0
Abstract:
The Chechen war has focused world attention on the politically fragile and potentially explosive Caucasus region. Beset by domestic instability, economic crises, failing states and widespread corruption, the entire area has been in a very precarious state since the disintegration of the Soviet Union.
Publisher: ROYAL INST INT AFFAIRS, LONDON IDS Number: 303NP ISSN: 0043-9134

3.
Russia and Chechnia. The permanent crisis. Essays on Russo-Chechen relations.
by Fowkes, B [Anon]
JOURNAL OF PEACE RESEARCH, 37: (3) 407-408 MAY 2000
Document type: Book Review Language: English Cited References: 1 Times Cited: 0
Publisher: SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, LONDON IDS Number: 315ER ISSN: 0022-3433

4.
Russia's ruinous Chechen war, Menon R, Fuller GE
FOREIGN AFFAIRS, 79: (2) 32-44 MAR-APR 2000
Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 0 Times Cited: 0
Addresses:
Menon R, Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA USA. Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA USA.
Rand, Santa Monica, CA USA.
Publisher: COUNC FOREIGN RELAT INC, NEW YORK IDS Number: 286NY ISSN: 0015-7120

5.
Military ethics - A force for good, Mileham P, Willett L
WORLD TODAY, 56: (2) 22-24 FEB 2000
Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 0 Times Cited: 0
Abstract:
Military ethics have become a central issue for policy-makers. The ethical dimensions of military interventions have recently moved further into the political spotlight with the conflicts in Kosovo and Chechnya. But what are 'military ethics'? When, if at all, are ethnic cleansing or genocide legitimate military options? Can external military intervention intensify a crisis? Did the apparent success of Operation Allied Force in kosovo encourage Russia to seek to re-establish total control of the Chechen republic?

Addresses: Mileham P, Univ Paisley, Paisley PA1 2BE, Renfrew, Scotland.
Univ Paisley, Paisley PA1 2BE, Renfrew, Scotland.
Publisher: ROYAL INST INT AFFAIRS, LONDON IDS Number: 283ZQ ISSN: 0043-9134
6.
Coping with problem-conflict situations in different social-ethnic circumstances
Krupnik EP, Tagirova RA
PSIKHOLOGICHESKII ZHURNAL, 20: (6) 36-43 NOV-DEC 1999
Document type: Article Language: Russian Cited References: 57 Times Cited: 0
Abstract:
Three modalities of national self-consciousness of Chechen schoolchildren: psychologically permanent self-consciousness capable for self-regulation in marginal situation for organization of optimal behavior; stable self-consciousness keeping the possibility for actualization of auto-stereotypes and national (ethnic) attitudes in circumstances of monoethnic and another ethnic situations; changing self-consciousness considered as the mechanism of adaptation to the conditions of heteroethnic environment were considered from the position of theory of psychological stability of personality. The study of coping with ethnoconflict situations by Chechen schoolchildren living in Grozny and Moscow have shown that schoolchildren living in Grozny react on monoethnic conflict mainly with impunitive and intropunitive reactions but Chechen schoolchildren living in Moscow, i.e. in heteroethnic situation, react on the conflict, on the one hand, with extrapunitive reaction and, on the other hand, with reactive form of mechanisms of social-psychological defense of ethnic identity.
Author Keywords: ethnic identity, stability, changing and psychological stability of ethnic self-consciousness, ethnic features, coping processes
Addresses: Krupnik EP, Moscow State Pedag Univ, Dept Psychol, Moscow 119435, Russia.
Moscow State Pedag Univ, Dept Psychol, Moscow 119435, Russia. Grozny Pedagog Inst, Dept Psychol, Grozny, Russia.
Publisher: MEZHDUNARODNAYA KNIGA, MOSCOW IDS Number: 271KE ISSN: 0205-9592

7
The Khasavyurt accords: Maintaining the rule of law and legitimacy of democracy in the Russian Federation amidst the Chechen crisis, Atrokhov WT
CORNELL INTERNATIONAL LAW JOURNAL, 32: (2) 367-392 1999
Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 79 Times Cited: 0
Publisher: CORNELL INT LAW JOURNAL, ITHACA IDS Number: 258MF ISSN: 0010-8812

8
Ethnic conflicts in the former USSR: The use and misuse of typologies and data
Tishkov V
JOURNAL OF PEACE RESEARCH, 36: (5) 571-591 SEP 1999
Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 56 Times Cited: 1
Abstract:
This article summarizes research on ethnic conflict in the Former Soviet Union (FSU). Various appealing bur unsatisfactory typologies have been proposed, focusing on the subjects of the conflict (actors, goals, motivations); on the environment of the conflict (territory, language, socio-economy, environment and resources; or on characteristics of the conflict scale, length, form of fighting, losses, aftermath). Most conflict typologies reflect better the thinking and political agenda of the typologists than the actual social panorama. Conflict theories and data presentations contain strong prescriptive elements and may even generate new conflict. For the conflicts in the Former Soviet Union, existing typologies fail to grasp several major factors, such as the strategies and behavior of individuals, social and political disorder, power and status aspirations, elite manipulations, and outside interventions. This article discusses data on human and material losses in nine violent conflicts: Karabakh, Fergana, Osh, South Ossetia, Transdniestria, Tajik, Abkhazia, Ingush-Ossetian, and Chechen. In conclusion, a plea is made for writing 'between' theory and data, without sacrificing sensitive and self-reflective narration in order to produce new insights and new knowledge.
KeyWords Plus: VIOLENCE
Addresses: Tishkov V, Inst Ethnol & Anthropol, Moscow, Russia. Inst Ethnol & Anthropol, Moscow, Russia. Int Peace Res Inst, Oslo, Norway.
Publisher: SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, LONDON IDS Number: 233XJ ISSN: 0022-3433

9
Chechen diaspora in Russia, Asvatsaturova MA, Deny T
SOTSIOLOGICHESKIE ISSLEDOVANIYA, (2) 60-62 1999
Document type: Article Language: Russian Cited References: 8 Times Cited: 0
Addresses: Asvatsaturova MA, North Caucasian Govt Serv Acad, Chair Humanities & Law, Pyatigorsk, Russia. North Caucasian Govt Serv Acad, Chair Humanities & Law, Pyatigorsk, Russia.
Publisher: MEZHDUNARODNAYA KNIGA, MOSCOW IDS Number: 187KV ISSN: 0132-1625

10
From combat activities to civilian life, Pozhidaev D
SOTSIOLOGICHESKIE ISSLEDOVANIYA, (2) 70-+ 1999
Document type: Article Language: Russian Cited References: 11 Times Cited: 0
Abstract:
"From combat activities to civilian life" (by Dmitriy Pozhidaev) discusses issues of the social adaptation and rehabilitation of Afghan and Chechen war veterans. Data of surveys and author's personal observations are used to confirm complicated fortunes of the veterans and some new theories are applied to study socialization issues of an individual both in combat conditions and in the civilian life. The findings aim to be practically and institutionally applied for situations involving both future and former servicemen.
Addresses: Pozhidaev D, Ryazan Higher Airborne Sch, Ryazan, Russia. Ryazan Higher Airborne Sch, Ryazan, RF.
Publisher: MEZHDUNARODNAYA KNIGA, MOSCOW IDS Number: 187KV ISSN: 0132-1625

11
Russia and Chechnia: the permanent crisis. Essays on Russo-Chechen relations.
by Fowkes, B, Matveeva A
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, 75: (1) 174-175 JAN 1999
Document type: Book Review Language: English Cited References: 1 Times Cited: 0
Addresses: Matveeva A, Royal Inst Int Affairs, London, England.
Royal Inst Int Affairs, London, England.
Publisher: BLACKWELL PUBL LTD, OXFORD IDS Number: 169FJ ISSN: 0020-5850

12
Russia and Chechnia: The permanent crisis. Essays on Russo-Chechen relations.
by Fowkes, B, German T
EUROPE-ASIA STUDIES, 50: (8) 1478-1480 DEC 1998
Document type: Book Review Language: English Cited References: 1 Times Cited: 0
Addresses:
German T, Univ Aberdeen, Dept Polit & Int Relat, Edward Wright Bldg, Aberdeen AB24 3QY, Scotland. Univ Aberdeen, Dept Polit & Int Relat, Aberdeen AB24 3QY, Scotland.
Publisher: CARFAX PUBL CO, ABINGDON, IDS Number: 156QV ISSN: 0966-8136

13
Chechnya - Preliminary results - The Chechen war and public opinion, Kagarlitskii BI
RUSSIAN POLITICS AND LAW, 36: (1) 56-73 JAN-FEB 1998
Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 0 Times Cited: 0
Publisher: M E SHARPE INC, ARMONK, IDS Number: 141TN, ISSN: 1061-1940

14
Political anthropology of the Chechen War, Tishkov V
SECURITY DIALOGUE, 28: (4) 425-437 DEC 1997
Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 16 Times Cited: 2
Addresses: Tishkov V, Russian Acad Sci, Inst Ethnol & Anthropol, Moscow 117901, Russia.
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Ethnol & Anthropol, Moscow 117901, Russia.
Publisher: SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, LONDON, IDS Number: YM198 ISSN: 0967-0106
15
Manoeuvring with the military, Lynch D
WORLD TODAY, 53: (11) 275-277 NOV 1997

Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 7 Times Cited: 0

Abstract:
It was once the world's largest fighting machine, but now humiliated by the retreat from Eastern Europe and the Chechen conflict, the successors to the Red Army lack direction. Can Moscow's military be reformed while funding is cut, and still work out ifs relationship with politicians and civilian advisers?

Publisher: ROYAL INST INT AFFAIRS, LONDON, IDS Number: YG849 ISSN: 0043-9134

16
Soldiers' mothers in quest of a place in Russian society
Dauce F
REVUE D ETUDES COMPARATIVES EST-OUEST, 28: (2) 121-& JUN 1997

Document type: Article Language: French Cited References: 26 Times Cited: 0

Abstract:
Associations of soldiers' mothers formed at the end of the perestroika in order to oppose the violence perpetrated in the army against young recruits (dedovchtchina). Far from dying out due to a lack of activity, these associations have grown in the Russia of Boris Yeltsin. The war in Chechnya have given them a louder voice in Russian society. Soldiers' mothers have mobilized to protect their sons from the arbitrariness of the armed forces and state. Do they have a part in making a civil society in Russia? That is their ambition. In direct contact with society, they are developing a discourse intended for the state; they pose as an intermediary, but this (inter)mediation is not possible. The lack of both common values and channels for negotiations between the state and social movements hinders the chances of a civil society emerging in Russia. Given the absence of any rules, soldiers' mothers have been led to negotiate their sons' future with Russian military authorities and Chechen guerrillas. The defense of their interests, given the defective legal framework, leads them to invent a new type of relation at the infrastate level between military authorities and society's representatives.

Publisher: EDITIONS C N R S, PARIS IDS Number: YD042 ISSN: 0338-0599

17
An analytical model for conflict dynamics
Gass N
JOURNAL OF THE OPERATIONAL RESEARCH SOCIETY, 48: (10) 978-987 OCT 1997

Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 11 Times Cited: 0
Abstract:
A coherent dynamic conflict model is developed from basic principles. The governing equations have a striking resemblance to the continuity equation in fluid dynamics with an additional term for the response to pressure by the opponent. The salient feature of the model is a moving confrontation line which is an excellent indicator for the evolution of conflict. The developed model also permits investigation of the necessary minimum involvement of a third party actor such as an international organization to establish a status quo between the actors. The model is demonstrated on the Russin-Chechen conflict and the Bosnian war.

Author Keywords: conflict analysis, methodology, modelling
Addresses: Gass N, DECIS MATRIX, 77 HAVELOCK ST, OTTAWA, ON K1S 0A4, CANADA.
Publisher: STOCKTON PRESS, BASINGSTOKE IDS Number: XY988 ISSN: 0160-5682
18
The Principle of Phonology-Free Syntax: Four apparent counterexamples in French
Miller PH, Pullum GK, Zwicky AM
JOURNAL OF LINGUISTICS, 33: (1) 67-90 MAR 1997
Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 32 Times Cited: 3
Abstract:
The Principle of Phonology-Free Syntax (PPFS) is a proposed universal principle of grammar that prohibits reference to phonological information in syntactic rules or constraints. Although many linguists have noted phenomena that appear to them to be in conflict with it, the appearances are misleading in all cases we have examined. This paper scrutinizes four instructive cases in French that appear to falsify the PPFS. Section I deals with the alleged relevance of syllable count to the description of attributive adjective placement; section 2 addresses the validity of a rule mentioning consonantality in stating the agreement rule for adverbial tout; section 3 turns to the issue of preposition choice (e.g. en vs. au) with geographical proper names: and section 4 takes a look at a purported case of phonological reference in stating the rule for ellipsis of a clitic pronoun and an auxiliary in a coordinate structure. In each case we bring independent evidence to bear on the problem in order to show that the analyses employing phonology-sensitive syntactic statements are in error and the prediction of the PPFS is confirmed.
Addresses: UNIV LILLE 3, LILLE, FRANCE. CNRS, URA 382 SILEX, F-75700 PARIS, FRANCE.
UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ, SANTA CRUZ, CA 95064. OHIO STATE UNIV, COLUMBUS, OH 43210. STANFORD UNIV, STANFORD, CA 94305.
Publisher: CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS, NEW YORK IDS Number: WW100 ISSN: 0022-2267

19.
Moscow retreats to a Chechen stalemate, Harding A
WORLD TODAY, 53: (1) 4-6 JAN 1997
Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 0 Times Cited: 0
Addresses: Harding A, BRITISH BROADCASTING CORP, WORLD SERV, MOSCOW, RUSSIA.
Publisher: ROYAL INST INT AFFAIRS, LONDON, IDS Number: WC253, ISSN: 0043-9134

20.
The war in Chechnya, Tolz V
CURRENT HISTORY, 95: (603) 316-321 OCT 1996
Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 1 Times Cited: 0
Abstract:
''Yeltsin justified launching the war against Chechnya by citing the need to preserve the integrity of the Russian Federation. But Moscow's mangled operations in the republic make the possibility of any voluntary Chechen union with Moscow extremely unlikely''.
Addresses: Tolz V, UNIV SALFORD, SALFORD M5 4WT, LANCS, ENGLAND.
Publisher: CURRENT HIST INC, PHILADELPHIA, IDS Number: VL269, ISSN: 0011-3530

21.
Selten and the separatists, Kern L
BERLINER JOURNAL FUR SOZIOLOGIE, 6: (2) 191-& 1996
Document type: Article Language: German Cited References: 31 Times Cited: 0
Abstract: Selten's Chain store paradox (1978) is used in order to explain the continuing mi-litary intervention of Russia in Chechnya. In Selten's paradox the monopolist applies a strategy of predatory pricing against the first entrant into the market in order to deter further entrants. Likewise, Russia tries to deter other regions from their declaration of independence by using a strategy of strong military intervention against Chechnya. Because of the Chechen military counter-strategy this resulted in a spiral of military escalation, whose end is not to be foreseen.
KeyWords Plus: HAIN-STORE PARADOX, BACKWARD INDUCTION, REPUTATION, EQUILIBRIA, STABILITY, INFORMATION, SOUTH, GAME
Publisher: LESKE VERLAG BUDRICH GMBH, LEVERKUSEN 3, IDS Number: VC141, ISSN: 863-1808

22.
Cutting the Chechen knot, landy C
WORLD TODAY, 52: (6) 147-149 JUN 1996
Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 0 Times Cited: 0
Abstract:
Since Russian forces went into Chechnya in December 1994 to end separatist aspirations, the Chechens have managed to tie up some 40,000 to 60,000 men. The conflict, which the Russian Defence Minister, Pavel Grachev, famously predicted would be over in a day, has cast a blight over Boris Yeltsin's presidency and called into question Moscow's military might.
Addresses: Blandy C, ROYAL MIL ACAD SANDHURST, CONFLICT STUDIES RES CTR, SANDHURST, BERKS, ENGLAND.
Publisher: ROYAL INST INT AFFAIRS, LONDON, IDS Number: UP934, ISSN: 0043-9134

23.
Civilization and the Chechen, Chesnov IV
ANTHROPOLOGY AND ARCHEOLOGY OF EURASIA, 34: (3) 28-40 WIN 1996
Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 15 Times Cited: 0
Addresses:
Chesnov IV, RUSSIAN ACAD SCI, INST ETHNOL & ANTHROPOL, MOSCOW, RUSSIA.
Publisher: M E SHARPE INC, ARMONK, IDS Number: UF482, ISSN: 1061-1959

24.
Soviet-Russian colonialism and forms of Western colonialism: A brief comparison
Ferro M
REVUE D ETUDES COMPARATIVES EST-OUEST, 26: (4) 75-& DEC 1995
Document type: Article Language: French Cited References: 0 Times Cited: 0
Abstract: One has only to note that Mr. Chevardnadze is in power in Georgia, that certain leaders of the Chechen revolt are of Russian origin, that the majority of those in charge of former Soviet republics are apparatchiks of the Gorbachev era, to come to the conclusion that this is a phenomenon the like of which is not to be found anywhere else. This amply demonstrates what must have been the specific nature of Russian and Soviet colonization, faced with that of other colonial or imperialist powers. And, as the author shows, it also foreshadows the nature of the process of decolonization.
Addresses: Ferro M, EHESS, MARSEILLE, FRANCE.
Publisher: EDITIONS C N R S, PARIS, IDS Number: TT301, ISSN: 0338-0599

25.
Chechnya and the state of self-determination in a breakaway region of the former
Soviet Union: Evaluating the legitimacy of secessionist claims, Tappe TN
COLUMBIA JOURNAL OF TRANSNATIONAL LAW, 34: (1) 255-295 1995
Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 66 Times Cited: 3
Abstract:
In December 1991, the people of Chechnya became the center of public attention when the Russian Federation launched a full-scale military assault on the region in an effort to put an end to Chechnya's ongoing attempt to secede. Facing overwhelming odds, Chechen fighters continue to assert the right to independence and to date, the fighting has continued in the region. This Note evaluates the legitimacy of the Chechen secession bid in the context of the dissolution of the former Soviet Union and the formation of the Russian Federation. The author proposes one approach to the right of self-determination and secession, looking at the historical and political factors that are relevant in evaluating the legitimacy of secession claims. This approach is applied to the successful secession of Lithuania, highlighting the criteria present in a successful claim. The criteria are then related to the circumstances of Chechnya to compare two claims with many historical and political similarities and to evaluate their relative strengths. Based on this evaluation, it is argued that Chechnya has a claim to independence equally compelling as that of Lithuania and is thus entitled to have its right to self-determination and independence recognized.

Addresses: Tappe TN, COLUMBIA UNIV, SCH LAW, NEW YORK, NY 10027.
Publisher: COLUMBIA UNIV, NEW YORK, IDS Number: TV043, ISSN: 0010-1931

26.
Observations on health care issues in the former Soviet Union, Davidow SL
JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH, 21: (1) 51-60 FEB 1996
Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 2 Times Cited: 1
Abstract:
With the demise of the Soviet Union, the health care systems that remain in the component countries face many problems not seen in Western countries since the late 1800s or early 1900s. The author traveled to several countries of the newly independent states (NIS) of the former Soviet Union and observed problems in hospital sanitation, public health, medical equipment and supply distribution, food quality and safety, and the delivery of medical services.
The author makes several suggestions to improve the delivery and quality of health care services in the NIS. His recommendations include: developing health care standards similar those that were first implemented in the U.S. by the American College of Surgeons in 1919; the use of practice guidelines and outcomes measures; building on organizational structures from the old state health system for professional and public health education; and restructuring the old delivery system to form a new delivery model based on centers of excellence and group practice managed care. Because of so many needs, the author stresses keeping reforms as simple as possible so as not to overburden the health professionals. The author also calls on Western countries, particularly the U.S., to assist with the rebuilding of the health care delivery system of its Cold War adversary as it helped Germany and Japan after World War II. Such aid should be viewed as humanitarian in nature and should be distributed to private/public partnership efforts. The author says recent Congressional proposals to cut off aid in order to influence the Russian government's position on nuclear technology sales to Iran and the Chechen war are short sighted and will only hurt the citizens of these countries while having little or no impact on the leadership.

Addresses: Davidow SL, STEPHEN L DAVIDOW & ASSOCIATES, 3744 N PINE GROVE AVE, SUITE 3W, CHICAGO, IL 60613.
Publisher: HUMAN SCI PRESS INC, NEW YORK, IDS Number: TQ186, ISSN: 0094-5145

27.

The Chechen Mafia,
MEIER A
NEW REPUBLIC, 212: (17) 16-17 APR 24 1995

Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 0 Times Cited: 0

Publisher: NEW REPUBLIC INC, WASHINGTON, IDS Number: RP481, ISSN: 0028-6583

28.
The Chechen Adventure, [Anon]
NEW REPUBLIC, 212: (4) 7-8 JAN 23 1995

Document type: Editorial Material Language: English Cited References: 0 Times Cited: 0

Publisher: NEW REPUBLIC INC, WASHINGTON, IDS Number: QP606, ISSN: 0028-6583